References don't exist in a vacuum. When you are writing, insert temporary citations into your manuscripts, and when ready scan them to generate finished versions ready for submission or publication, with full in-text citations, footnotes, and bibliographies that meet the most exacting requirements. Even create subject bibliographies on-the-fly.

Write, cite, scan, and publish
Word 2008 & 2011
Bookends can also scan manuscripts written with Apple Pages '08 and '09, Nisus Writer Express, OpenOffice Writer 3.x, or documents saved as RTF by any word processor.
Mellel
might be replaced with
AppleScripts or plug-ins let you access the power of Bookends from within Microsoft Word (including Word 2011). The word processors Mellel and Nisus Writer Pro are "Bookends-aware". All interact directly with Bookends for scanning/rescanning/unscanning. Mellel also has LIve Bibliography (instant updating), scanned and unscanned views, background citation verification, and reference syncing between collaborators.
After a scan, temporary citations are replaced with final formatted citations. For example, in this footnote, the temporary citation
Nisus Writer Pro